Agriculture of North Bihar

Agriculture : The Wisest Pursuit of Human Civilization

The cultivation of plants and fungi for food, fiber, bio-fuel, medicinal plants and other products, which are used to sustain and enhance the human life, is known as Agriculture. It was the key of development in the rise of sedentary human civilization and never loses its relevance till now. The history of agriculture had started thousands of years ago and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies. For decades, agriculture has been associated with production of essential food crops. Now a-days processing, marketing and distribution of crops and livestock products are all acknowledged as part of current agriculture. Thus agriculture could be referred to as the production, processing, promotion and distribution agricultural products. Following are the importance of agriculture:

• Source of Livelihood
• Contribution to National Taxation System
• Supply of Food as well as Fuel
• Significance to the International Trade
• Marketable Surplus
• Security of Food
• Economic  Development of Country

Agriculture at Purnia & Araria: The history of Agriculture in India began in Indus Valley Civilization Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India. Now India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP (gross domestic product) in 2013, about 50% of the workforce. Though the economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic scenario of India.

In the state Bihar of India, Agriculture at Purnia & Araria districts are very prominent. The alluvial soil of Purnia, irrigated by the Kosi and Mahananda rivers, has been particularly suited to the cultivation of rice. Other crops which are grown in Purnia are Potatoes, Wheat, Grass Peas, Chick Peas, Chili Peppers, Maize, Lentils, Split Red Gram, Barley, Sugarcane, Tobacco, Green Gram, and jute. The extensive cultivation of jute supported a flourishing jute industry and helped India to become the biggest exporter of Jute to foreign countries. The cultivation of maize has however soared in recent years in the city's outskirts. Paddy, maize and jute are the agricultural products of Araria district. It plays a critical role in the entire life of Indian economy and has is considered as the backbone of economic system of our country. In addition to providing food and raw material, agriculture also provides employment opportunities to very large percentage of population in these districts.

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